Operation AXIOM: After the World War—The Paris Peace Conference, Part XII
10 August 1920: The Treaty of Sèvres was signed—As with the the other Central Powers, terms were imposed not negotiated; the Ottoman Empire was partitioned into League Mandates & Anatolia was to be partitioned into French, Italian, & Greek zones of influence & an international Zone of the Straits, leaving only a Turkish rump state; Atatürk's National Movement rejected Sèvres, as did the Greeks.
Lest we forget.
The Wayback Machine Tour of the Paris Peace Conference
№ DCLXVIII: The Paris Peace Conference began (Part I).
№ DCLXXIII: The draft Covenant of the League of Nations (Part II).
№ DCLXXXII: The Racial Equality Clause of the Covenant (Part III).
№ DCLXXXIV: The Italian walkout from the Peace Conference (Part IV).
№ DCXCVI: The Treaty of Versailles: Germany (Part V).
№ DCCVII: The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye: Austria (Part VI).
№ DCCXIII: The Lodge Reservations to the Covenant (Part VII).
№ DCCXXI: The Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine: Bulgaria (Part VIII).
№ DCCXXVII: The League of Nations was established (Part IX).
№ DCCXXX: The Free City of Danzig (Part X).
№ DCCLIV: The Treaty of Trianon: Hungary (Part XI).
Bonus! Song o' the Treaty of Sèvres
Les Italiens, "Ottomania" from Les Italiens (Mike Papa Whiskey)
Est. 2002 | "This was a Golden Age, a time of high adventure, rich living, and hard dying… but nobody thought so." —Alfred Bester
Showing posts with label Atatürk. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Atatürk. Show all posts
Friday, August 7, 2020
Monday, July 27, 2020
The Explorers' Club, № DCCLXI
Operation AXIOM: After the World War—The Greco-Turkish War, Part III
22 June-September 1920: The Greek Summer Offensive—The British & Greeks launched a series of coordinated attacks & amphibious landings throughout the lands south of the Sea of Marmara & the Aegean Region, advancing over 125 miles out from Smyrna; the captive Ottoman government in Constantinople countered Atatürk's nationalists by invoking the sultan's authority as Islamic caliph.
Lest we forget.
22 June-September 1920: The Greek Summer Offensive—The British & Greeks launched a series of coordinated attacks & amphibious landings throughout the lands south of the Sea of Marmara & the Aegean Region, advancing over 125 miles out from Smyrna; the captive Ottoman government in Constantinople countered Atatürk's nationalists by invoking the sultan's authority as Islamic caliph.
Lest we forget.
Tuesday, February 11, 2020
The Explorers' Club, № DCCXXXII
Operation AXIOM: After the World War—The Armenian Genocide, Part V
21 January-13 February 1920: The Maraş Affair—Turkish Nationalists attacked French colonial forces throughout Cilicia, leading to a three-week siege of Maraş; on the verge of the Turks agreeing to a ceasefire, the French withdrew, leading to the Turkish massacre of twelve thousand-plus Armenian civilians; five thousand Armenians fled alongside the French, but only fifteen hundred reached safety.
Lest we forget.
Commentary: The French commander who ordered the inexplicable & disastrous retreat, Robert Normand—who originated the order but lied, claiming to be acting on orders from above—later played a significant rôle in the construction of the infamous Maginot Line.
21 January-13 February 1920: The Maraş Affair—Turkish Nationalists attacked French colonial forces throughout Cilicia, leading to a three-week siege of Maraş; on the verge of the Turks agreeing to a ceasefire, the French withdrew, leading to the Turkish massacre of twelve thousand-plus Armenian civilians; five thousand Armenians fled alongside the French, but only fifteen hundred reached safety.
Lest we forget.
Commentary: The French commander who ordered the inexplicable & disastrous retreat, Robert Normand—who originated the order but lied, claiming to be acting on orders from above—later played a significant rôle in the construction of the infamous Maginot Line.
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